Ecology Drives the Distribution of Specialized Tyrosine Metabolism Modules in Fungi
نویسندگان
چکیده
Gene clusters encoding accessory or environmentally specialized metabolic pathways likely play a significant role in the evolution of fungal genomes. Two such gene clusters encoding enzymes associated with the tyrosine metabolism pathway (KEGG #00350) have been identified in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. The l-tyrosine degradation (TD) gene cluster encodes a functional module that facilitates breakdown of the phenolic amino acid, l-tyrosine through a homogentisate intermediate, but is also involved in the production of pyomelanin, a fungal pathogenicity factor. The gentisate catabolism (GC) gene cluster encodes a functional module likely involved in phenolic compound degradation, which may enable metabolism of biphenolic stilbenes in multiple lineages. Our investigation of the evolution of the TD and GC gene clusters in 214 fungal genomes revealed spotty distributions partially shaped by gene cluster loss and horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Specifically, a TD gene cluster shows evidence of HGT between the extremophilic, melanized fungi Exophiala dermatitidis and Baudoinia compniacensis, and a GC gene cluster shows evidence of HGT between Sordariomycete and Dothideomycete grass pathogens. These results suggest that the distribution of specialized tyrosine metabolism modules is influenced by both the ecology and phylogeny of fungal species.
منابع مشابه
EVALUATION OF METABOLIC PROFILE OF PLASMA AMINO ACIDS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic profile of plasma amino acids in diabetic patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study on 140 ...
متن کاملLimitations on orchid recruitment: not a simple picture.
Mycorrhizal fungi have substantial potential to influence plant distribution, especially in specialized orchids and mycoheterotrophic plants. However, little is known about environmental factors that influence the distribution of mycorrhizal fungi. Previous studies using seed packets have been unable to distinguish whether germination patterns resulted from the distribution of appropriate edaph...
متن کاملFungal Ecology: Principles and Mechanisms of Colonization and Competition by Saprotrophic Fungi.
Decomposer fungi continually deplete the organic resources they inhabit, so successful colonization of new resources is a crucial part of their ecology. Colonization success can be split into (i) the ability to arrive at, gain entry into, and establish within a resource and (ii) the ability to persist within the resource until reproduction and dissemination. Fungi vary in their life history str...
متن کاملImatinib metabolism and disposition in isolated rat perfused liver
Imatinib is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor which inhibits the Bcr-Abl protein-tyrosine kinase with high selectivity. Imatinib is rapidly absorbed from the gut, after oral intake and has an almost absolute bioavailability of 98%. The metabolism of imatinib is mediated by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes in the liver and gut wall. CGP74588 is a major active metabolite of ima...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2014